Class 10 SST (Contemporary India) Chapter- 4 Agriculture Questions and Answers New Updated NCERT Syllabus
EXERCISES page no : 40
Question: 1. Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
Answer: Correct Answer: (b) Plantation Agriculture.
Explanation: Plantation Agriculture involves cultivating a single crop over a large area, typically for commercial purposes. This method is characterized by the use of capital-intensive inputs and often involves crops such as tea, coffee, rubber, and sugarcane.
Question: (ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Millets
(d) Cotton
Answer: Correct Answer: (b) Plantation Agriculture.
Explanation: Plantation Agriculture is characterized by the cultivation of a single crop over extensive areas, typically for commercial purposes. Common examples include crops like tea, coffee, rubber, and sugarcane.
Question: (iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
(a) Pulses
(b) Jawar
(c) Millets
(d) Sesamum
Answer: Correct Answer: (a) Pulses.
Explanation: Rabi crops are typically sown in winter (from October to December) and harvested in summer (from April to June). Gram is a prominent example of a rabi crop.
Question: 2. Answer the following questions in 30 words.
(i) Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.
Answer: One important beverage crop is tea. It thrives in tropical and subtropical climates with deep, fertile, well-drained soil, requiring warm temperatures and high humidity for optimal growth.
(ii) Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
Answer: One staple crop of India is rice. It is primarily produced in regions such as Punjab, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, and coastal areas of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.
(iii) Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.
Answer: Key institutional reform programmes include land reforms, cooperative societies, Kisan Credit Card (KCC), crop insurance schemes, minimum support prices, and Grameen banks to support farmers’ livelihoods and agricultural productivity.
3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.
Answer: The Government of India has implemented several initiatives to enhance agricultural production, focusing on technological advancements and support systems for farmers. One of the key initiatives is the Green Revolution, which introduced high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, and improved irrigation techniques. This revolution significantly boosted food grain production, particularly in wheat and rice.
Additionally, the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) aims to provide irrigation facilities to all agricultural farms, ensuring that every field receives adequate water supply. The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme facilitates easy access to credit for farmers, allowing them to invest in better seeds and equipment.
Furthermore, the government has established minimum support prices (MSP) for various crops to protect farmers from price fluctuations, ensuring they receive fair compensation for their produce. These initiatives collectively aim to increase productivity, improve farmers’ livelihoods, and ensure food security in the country.
(ii) Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Answer: Rice is a staple food crop that thrives under specific geographical conditions. It requires a warm and humid climate, with temperatures ideally between 25°C to 35°C for optimal growth. The crop is predominantly grown in regions with high annual rainfall, typically exceeding 100 cm, as rice is primarily a kharif crop that is sown with the onset of the monsoon.
Rice cultivation is best suited to alluvial soils, which are rich in nutrients and provide good drainage. These soils are commonly found in the plains of northern and northeastern India, as well as in delta regions like those of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Godavari rivers. Additionally, rice requires a flooded field environment during its growing season, which helps in controlling weeds and pests. The combination of these climatic and soil conditions makes certain regions of India, such as West Bengal, Assam, and Punjab, ideal for rice cultivation.